The researchers found that the participants’ brains displayed higher entropy when fully conscious. They compared observations from when patients were awake, when they were asleep, and when patients with epilepsy were having seizures. They looked at whether or not neurons were oscillating in phase with one another as this could tell them if the brain cells were linked. They did this by modeling the networks of neurons in the brains of nine participants, seven of whom had epilepsy. To see how the concept of entropy could be applied to the human brain, the researchers analyzed the amount of order in our brains while we’re conscious compared to when we’re not. Based on this new study, our brain may be undergoing something similar, and consciousness happens to be a side effect of the process. When the Big Bang occurred, the universe was in a state of low entropy, and as it continues to gradually spread out, it is growing into a higher entropy system. Many physicists think that the universe itself is in a constant state of increasing entropy. A common example that demonstrates entropy is an ice cube melting - the cube is in a state of low entropy, but as it melts and disorder grows, entropy increases. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy can only remain constant or increase within a closed system - a system cannot move from high entropy to low entropy without outside interference.
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